Finally, some evidence suggests that magnesium insufficiency may play a role in restless leg syndrome Summary Restless leg syndrome is often linked to low iron levels. Those with this condition may want to increase their intake of iron-rich foods and discuss supplementation with their healthcare provider. A diet that provides an insufficient intake of vitamins and minerals can cause several symptoms, some of which are more common than others.
Often, increasing your intake of foods rich in the appropriate vitamins and minerals can help resolve or greatly reduce your symptoms. Vitamin D has numerous health benefits, but it's tricky to know which supplement to choose. Here are 13 of the best vitamin D supplements, according…. This is a detailed review of vitamin D toxicity and how much vitamin D is considered too much.
Toxicity is rare, but can occur with extremely high…. When taken in safe doses, magnesium can effectively prevent migraines for many people. Learn more about if it's right for you. Folic acid supplements are generally safe — unless you take too much. Here are 4 folic acid side effects you should know about. Women over the age of 50 have increased needs for several vitamins and minerals. Here are the 10 best multivitamins for women over Taking certain dietary supplements may be beneficial for lung health.
See which vitamins our registered dietitian recommends as the best for…. Gummy vitamins are increasingly popular. This article tells you whether they are good or bad for your health. Supplements can be a helpful way to boost your nutrient intake as you age.
This article provides a list of the 10 best supplements for healthy aging…. Here are eight symptoms that may indicate you have a vitamin D deficiency, as well as causes, treatments, and more.
Health Conditions Discover Plan Connect. Brittle hair and nails. Mouth ulcers or cracks in the corners of the mouth. Bleeding gums. Poor night vision and white growths on the eyes.
Scaly patches and dandruff. Hair loss. Red or white bumps on the skin. Restless leg syndrome. The bottom line. Download our Essential Vitamin Guide. Supplements Read this next. The Surprising Truth. Magnesium for Migraines When taken in safe doses, magnesium can effectively prevent migraines for many people.
The 10 Best Multivitamins for Women Over Do Gummy Vitamins Work? The Benefits and Downsides. Use of sunscreen or sun avoidance also lowers the skin's production of vitamin D. There has been much confusion about how much vitamin D we should get and what defines a deficiency, or lack, of this vitamin. This guide is based on The Endocrine Society's practice guidelines for physicians about testing for, treating, and preventing vitamin D deficiency.
These guidelines do not apply to people who want to take vitamin D for reasons other than bone health. The guidelines do not recommend a high dose of vitamin D to try to prevent disease, improve quality of life, or extend life. Vitamin D that is too low often causes no symptoms at first.
However, vitamin D deficiency can lead to a loss of bone density size and strength , broken bones fractures , muscle weakness, and the bone-thinning disease osteoporosis. Severe vitamin D deficiency can cause rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. Both problems cause soft, weak bones, as well as pain in the bones and muscles. Some studies show that a lack of vitamin D may raise the risk of some cancers and certain other health problems.
However, there is not strong scientific proof of this yet. Some health problems raise the risk of vitamin D deficiency and suggest the need for vitamin D testing. Malabsorption inability to absorb nutrients in the intestines due to — Cystic fibrosis. Hyperparathyroidism too much of a hormone that controls the body's calcium level. Sarcoidosis, tuberculosis, histoplasmosis, or other granulomatous disease disease with granulomas, collections of cells caused by chronic inflammation.
Vitamin D deficiency can lead to a loss of bone density, broken bones, muscle weakness, and the bone-thinning disease osteoporosis. Dark skin. Use of certain medicines that affect vitamin D metabolism — Cholestyramine cholesterol drug. Frequent falls in older adults, or a non-traumatic fracture bone break without a major injury in any age group.
The best way for doctors to measure how much vitamin D is in your body is with a blood test called the serum hydroxyvitamin D test. Not everyone should get this screening test. Experts recommend it for people at risk of vitamin D deficiency. Your doctor will tell you if you need this test.
You may need to repeat the hydroxyvitamin D blood test during treatment of vitamin D deficiency. This will show your response to treatment. Treatment and prevention of vitamin D deficiency includes increasing your intake of vitamin D.
You likely will need supplements to raise your vitamin D level. That is because it is hard to get enough vitamin D soley from your diet, and excess sun exposure can cause skin cancer. In supplements and fortified foods, vitamin D comes in two forms: D 2 and D 3. While some research studies suggest that vitamin D 2 may be less potent, either form can be effective at recommended doses. Vitamin D comes in pills, gelatin capsules, or a liquid for children, alone or in a multivitamin. The oral dose is once daily or weekly.
Children with rickets or at risk of this disease may get vitamin D injections shots a few times a year. The treatment dose of vitamin D depends on your age, how low your blood vitamin D level is, and what is causing the level to be low. Most often your doctor will lower the vitamin D dose after six to eight weeks of treatment. Some people with obesity may spend less time outdoors due to mobility issues.
Those who have undergone bariatric surgery may also have absorption problems. Conversely, people whose BMI of 25— The authors suggest that dietary factors are responsible for this difference. Skin type : People with darker skin need more sunlight exposure to produce vitamin D than those with lighter skin.
People with pale skin or a history of skin cancer may avoid sun exposure to protect their skin from damage. Age : The ability to convert vitamin D to calcitriol may decline with age due to decreased kidney function.
As a result, calcium absorption will fall. Kidney and liver health : People with liver disease and kidney disease tend to have lower vitamin D levels. Pregnancy : The need for vitamin D may increase during pregnancy, but experts remain unsure whether supplements are a good idea. The authors of a Cochrane review concluded that taking supplements during pregnancy may reduce the risk of preeclampsia , gestational diabetes, low birth weight, and severe bleeding after delivery.
However, it may also increase the risk of preterm birth, which is birth before 37 weeks. The authors called for further research. Breastfeeding infants : Human milk is low in vitamin D, which means that breastfeeding infants are at risk of a deficiency. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC recommend giving a vitamin D supplement to all breastfeeding infants from the first few days of life until they consume 1 l or more of formula milk each day.
Supplementation becomes unnecessary at this point because formula milk contains added vitamin D. In , experts published a report on data from — They looked at how vitamin D deficiencies affect specific populations in the U. The findings suggested that African American adults have the highest risk of a deficiency, followed by Hispanic people. A vitamin D deficiency may produce no symptoms, or symptoms may take several years to appear.
However, it may increase the risk of long term health problems. Osteoporosis : The bones become thin or brittle. The first sign may be a bone breaking easily as a result of minor trauma. It often affects older people. Osteomalacia : This can affect children. The bones become soft, resulting in bone deformities, short stature , dental problems, fragile bones, and pain when walking. Researchers are looking into whether other symptoms or conditions, such as depression , bone pain , and weakness, may result from low vitamin D levels.
Can low vitamin D levels lead to hair loss? Find out here. If a blood test shows that a person has or is at risk of a vitamin D deficiency, the doctor is likely to advise them to increase their intake. The ODS recommend the following intake each day:.
Individuals should talk to their doctor about their vitamin D needs and how to increase their intake. Some people may need to take supplements, but it is best to talk to a doctor before doing so, as some can have adverse effects.
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