This new line also ruled from Tanis; some kings placed sons and other members of their family in important positions around the land. From the middle of the Dynasty the country gradually fell apart in civil strife, and many local rulers became independent. The '23rd Dynasty' is used by different Egyptologists to refer to different groups of kings, and expresses the phenomenon of disintegration of the state.
The 24th Dynasty was the line of rulers at Sais in the western Delta, also of 'Libyan' origin. Third Intermediate Period ca. Dynasty 21, ca. Smendes ca. HP Painedjem I ca. HP Masaharta ca. HP Djedkhonsefankh ca. HP Menkheperre ca. Amenemnisu ca. Psusennes I ca. Amenemope ca. HP Smendes ca. HP Painedjem II ca. Osochor ca. Siamun ca. HP Psusennes ca. Psusennes II ca.
Dynasty 22 Libyan , ca. Sheshonq I ca. Osorkon I ca. Sheshonq II ca. Takelot I ca. Osorkon II ca. Harsiese ca. Takelot II ca. Sheshonq III ca. Pami ca. Sheshonq V ca. Osorkon IV ca. Dynasty 23, ca. Pedubaste I ca. Iuput I ca. Sheshonq IV ca. Osorkon III ca. Takelot III ca. Rudamun ca. Iuput II ca. Peftjaubast ca. Namlot ca. Thutemhat ca. Dynasty 24, ca. Tefnakht ca. Bakenrenef ca. The power and control center of Egypt moved from Upper Egypt to Lower Egypt after the founding of cities in the eastern Nile Delta by kings in the later 19th and 20th Dynasties.
The completion of the division of Egypt initiated the beginning of the 21st Dynasty and the Third Intermediate Period and the end of the New Kingdom. The country was eventually divided between the kings and the high priests of Amun at Thebes.
The leaders of the 21st Dynasty were: Smendes B. Civil war still raged in the Theban area, and a number of the dissidents were exiled to the western oases, then held by Libyan chiefs. A black granite stele in the Louvre records the banishment of these people. Strangely, they were subsequently permitted to return under an octancular decree from Amun.
It all seems to be part of a plan between the North and South, the secular and the religious fractions. This rapprochement was set in motion by the next king, Psusemes I, in allowing the marriage of his daughter Isiemkleb to the High Priest Menkheperre. He is chiefly represented by his extensive building work in the Delta, at Piramesse, but principally at Tanis where he enlarged the temple of Amun. His name, however, is also very prevalent at Thebes, where it occurs several times with different regional years on the bandages used in the rewrapping of a number of the later royal mummies from the Bier-el-Bahari cache of DB Siamun obviously kept a watching brief on the near Eastern situation and Egypt was able to interfere from time to time to protect her own interests and trade routes.
There had been a steady stream of foreign princesses coming to the Egyptian court but the process was slightly reversed, with Egyptian princesses marrying out: one princess married Sadal, the crown prince of the Kingdom of Edom, when he took refuge in Egypt after succumbing to David's attacks. Solomon had succeeded his father David and an Egyptian alliance was sealed by Solomon's marriage to an Egyptian princess.
The end of the Dynasty came with Psusenness II, whose reign lasted 14 years, is little known. His successor Sheshong I, the founder of the 22nd Dynasty married Maarkare, Psusenne's daughter, thus forging another dynastic marriage tie.
Egypt was ruled for roughly years by kings of Libyan origin during the 22nd Dynasty. Shoshenk Shishak of the Bible reunited Egypt. The 21st Dynasty kings were: Shoshenk I B. During this dynasty, the first widespread building of pyramids since the Middle Kingdom resumed. Nubian Pharaohs. Statues of the Nubian Pharaohs of the Twenty-fifth Dynasty. He proceeded to reign over a united Egypt for 54 years from his capital at Sais. Four successive Saite kings continued guiding Egypt through a period of peace and prosperity from BCE.
Unfortunately for this dynasty, however, a new power was growing in the Near East: Persia. The new king was no match for the Persians, who had already taken Babylon. Psamtik III was defeated and briefly escaped to Memphis. He was ultimately imprisoned, and later executed at Susa, the capital of the Persian king Cambyses. With the Saite kings exterminated, Camybes assumed the formal title of Pharaoh. Skip to main content.
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